Inovacioni potencijal Republike Srbije: Procena zasnovana na GII
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46793/Rev26113.086BTKljučne reči:
Globalni inovacioni indeks, inovacioni kapacitet, ljudski kapital, infrastruktura, institucije, poslovna sofisticiranost, Srbija, BDP per capita, inovaciona efikasnostApstrakt
Ovaj rad ispituje učinak komponenti Globalnog inovacionog indeksa (GII) na inovacioni potencijal Republike Srbije, za period 2011–2025. Ispitivanje se odvija uporednom analizom šest ekonomija Centralne i Istočne Evrope (Srbija, Rumunija, Bugarska, Mađarska, Slovenija i Hrvatska), radi identifikacije ključnih predikatora inovacionog potencijala za izabranu regiju, i parcijalnom korelacionom analizom, radi identifikacije ključnih odnosa između komponenti GII između BDP‑a po glavi stanovnika. Rezultati pokazuju da je infrastruktura najstabilniji i najsnažniji pokretač rasta BDP‑a i inovacionih rezultata u Srbiji, za razliku od najbolje ocenjenih zemalja u okruženju u kojima stubovi institucija i poslovne sofisticiranosti imaju presudnu ulogu u konverziji inovacionih inputa u outpute. Nasuprot tome, investiranja u ljudski kapital čine najslabiju kariku inovacionog sistema Republike Srbije, bez statistički značajnog doprinosa inovacionim performansama. Ovakva strukturna neravnoteža ukazuje da se ekonomski rast Srbije zasniva na investicionim, a ne na znanjem zasnovanim faktorima. Rezultati ispitivanja ukazuju na potrebu za ciljanim politikama usmerenim na jačanje institucionalnog okvira, unapređenje poslovne sofisticiranosti i strateško ulaganje u ljudski kapital, kako bi se povećala efikasnost pretvaranja inputa u inovacione rezultate i obezbedio održiv, inovaciono zasnovan razvoj.
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